A fundamental paradox plagues the deployment of Machine Learning in cybersecurity: supervised models generalize poorly to novel, Out-of-Distribution (OoD) attacks, whereas unsupervised models often…
Vision-language-action (VLA) policies need to recognize gaps in their training knowledge to request useful demonstrations or assistance in new situations, especially when failures are costly.…
Coverage-evaluation benchmarks quantify whether retrieved evidence covers the different pieces of information needed to satisfy an information need. Existing benchmarks mostly consider factual claims…
This paper considers a decision-maker tasked with identifying the $k$ best items from a large pool of candidates, such as job applicants, LLMs, award nominees, or new product ideas. The…
We propose Nemotron-Labs-Diffusion-Uni (NLD-Uni), a unified discrete diffusion large language model (DLLM) for visual understanding and generation tasks. Compared with prior unified diffusion models,…
The growth of time-series datasets and foundation models has made dataset comparison a central part of time-series workflows. Assessing source-target transfer before model adaptation requires…
Often, \emph{eg} in healthcare and predictive maintenance, what matters is which of several competing causes will strike first, and with what probability: survival analysis with competing risks.…
Financial agents must form forecasts and investment judgments from decision-time evidence, with predictions evaluated against subsequent outcomes. Existing benchmarks assess financial knowledge,…
We introduce Timestral, a family of four time series foundation models for probabilistic forecasting, with 5M, 28M, 123M, and 209M parameters. Timestral sets a new state of the art on GIFT-Eval,…
High-resolution video matting requires preserving fine details, such as hair strands and soft transparency, while maintaining consistency across frames. Memory-based methods achieve strong matting…
Agent learning is shifting from learning from human data toward learning through interaction with the world. However, scaling such learning directly in real-world computer systems is challenging and…
Time series forecasting models are typically compared on pointwise error, which scores a prediction in isolation from the decision it is produced for, and a lower forecast error does not imply a…
Patent examination is a challenging real-world task that requires agents to discover sparse prior art, iteratively refine queries, inspect technical evidence, and produce novelty assessments…
Generative reward models (GenRMs) generate natural language rationales to justify preference judgments, yet a correct verdict does not guarantee a sound justification. Existing approaches often rely…
In a hierarchical multi-agent system, a Leader assigns tasks and subagents carry them out. Jointly training the Leader and the subagents is difficult because a final answer gives only indirect…
Industrial manipulation in flexible manufacturing, e.g., high-mix, low-volume (HMLV) electronics assembly, requires robot policies to adapt to changing products and production conditions. Such…
Federated unsupervised domain adaptation (FUDA) addresses the challenge of adapting models to an unlabeled target domain using decentralized source domains while preserving data privacy. However,…
AI-generated text detectors are increasingly deployed in consequential settings---peer review, education, admissions, journalism, and content moderation---where their outputs directly affect…
Long-horizon, semi-verifiable agentic tasks often rely on rubric-based evaluation, but the evidence needed to assess these tasks can be spread across the environment state and the execution trace. A…
Modern image generation largely relies on specialized generative models that leave the process of image construction implicit in learned parameters. We explore an alternative: general-purpose coding…
Event sequences are chains of random events, each described by heterogeneous (numerical and categorical) features. The problem of event sequence forecasting occurs in finance, healthcare, business…
Current zero-shot anomaly detection methods often rely on complex prompt-learning techniques or computationally expensive sliding-window strategies to achieve fine-grained visual alignment to detect…
Predicting how many tokens a large language model (LLM) will decode, using only prefill-phase hidden states, is a key primitive for inference scheduling. We show that current benchmarks conflate…