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On the Token Collapse Phenomenon in Textual Graph Soft Prompting

Recent methods for injecting graph structure into LLM prompts include graph soft prompting, in which a graph neural network (GNN) learns graph-specific tokens that capture relational information…

deep-learning
arxiv

Early learning in large residual networks

We study the early training dynamics of nonlinear residual networks with blocks of zero hidden layers as a model of more general residual networks. We analyze networks in a sequential limit where…

deep-learning
arxiv

Reliable AI-Assisted Decisions via Selective Auditing

We consider online monitoring of an AI system that produces a sequence of decisions. At each round, the system outputs a proposed decision together with a confidence score estimating the…

deep-learning
arxiv

Low-Bit N-Gram Embeddings for Language Models

Many recent open-weight language models use n-gram embedding tables to improve performance. These tables store learned representations of short token sequences, such as pairs or triples of…

deep-learning
arxiv

A Fix for Softmax and Cross-Entropy

Standard implementations of softmax, log-softmax, and cross-entropy have two numerical bugs. The first bug, Softmax Collapse, rounds the target logit's gradient to zero if that one logit is much…

deep-learning